Residents of the United Arab Emirates are experiencing scorching heat with temperatures reaching 47°C to 49.5°C, according to recent weather forecasts. In addition to the heat, coastal regions experience higher humidity and occasionally strong gusts that result in dusty weather. When combined, these factors can intensify the feeling of heat.

Impact on Health and its Prevention

Heat-Related illnesses

• Heat exhaustion– Presents with symptoms like severe perspiration, weakness, headache, nausea, and dizziness. The primary causes include dehydration and extended exposure to extreme heat.
• Heat stroke– This is a serious condition that requires medical attention right away. Presenting symptoms include high body temperature, altered mental state, nausea, and rapid breathing. It occurs due to failure in the body’s temperature-regulating mechanism.
Prevention- Proper hydration, avoiding outdoor activities in peak heat hours, staying indoors, cool showers and recognizing symptoms of heat-related illnesses and, seeking medical attention if required.

Dehydration

Elevated temperatures and high humidity levels raise the possibility of dehydration, which can cause weariness, disorientation, and in extreme cases, kidney problems.
Prevention- Drinking lots of water, consuming a diet rich in hydrating foods and abstaining from alcohol and caffeine consumption.

Respiratory conditions

Dust and sandstorms can worsen pre-existing respiratory conditions like asthma, allergies and bronchitis. Mostly presenting with coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath.
Prevention- Staying inside during storms, using air purifiers, and wearing face masks when needed.

Skin problems

• Sunburn – Long-term sun exposure causes sunburns, raising the risk of skin cancer.
• Dry skin – The harsh weather conditions can worsen eczema symptoms and cause dry, flaking skin.
Prevention- Wearing protective loose clothes, applying broad-spectrum sunscreen, and frequent moisturizing.

Eye Irritation

Dust and UV exposure will irritate and dry the eyes, as well as raise the risk of cataracts and conjunctivitis.
Prevention- Putting on protective eyewear during dust storms and wearing sunglasses that block UV rays.

Cardiovascular strain

High temperatures can cause heat stress particularly in older people and those with preexisting heart conditions, can increase the pressure on the cardiovascular system and raise the risk of heart-related problems.
Prevention- Steer clear of intense activity and seek out cool places during the hottest times of the day.

Tips for a Healthy Summer

1. Staying Hydrated: Regularly drink water, even if you aren’t thirsty. Eating foods high in water content, such fruits and vegetables.
2. Sun protection: Use sunscreen with a minimum SPF of 30. Put on loose-fitted light-coloured clothes with wide-brimmed hats, and sunglasses.
3. Heat management: In the hottest hours of the day stay indoors especially between the time frame of 10AM to 4PM. To stay cool, turn on the fans and air conditioning and have chilly baths or showers.
4. Respiratory health: Refrain from opening the windows during dust storms. To ensure the quality of air indoors, use air purifies. Wear masks whenever necessary outdoors.
5. Skincare: Make use of hydrating, mild skincare products. Reapply sunscreen as needed and stay out of the sun for as long as possible.
6. Exercise and physical activity: Plan your outside activities for the early hours of the day or late evening. Keep yourself hydrated and take frequent rests in areas with shade.
7. Precautions for emergency: Recognize the symptoms of heat-related illnesses and, if required, seek medical attention. Keep emergency contact numbers close at hand.
   
   By taking precautions, and incorporating healthy practices we can enjoy a safe and healthy summer, despite of the challenges posed by the heat.