The Islam Qala border crossing in western Afghanistan has seen more than 800,000 people from Afghanistan returning from Iran since January 2025. In June alone, over 137,000 people came through Islam Qala, often arriving exhausted and without adequate food, water, or shelter. 

With rising temperatures, limited resources, and host communities struggling to cope, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) is calling for urgent support to meet the needs of those arriving.

Afghanistan is already facing many difficulties after decades of conflict, economic problems, and disasters such as earthquakes and floods. Alongside the returnees from Iran, more than 1 million people have also come back from Pakistan since late 2023, putting additional pressure on basic services and humanitarian organizations. 

“This issue hasn’t received the attention it deserves,” highlights Alexander Matheou, the Regional Director for Asia Pacific at the IFRC, who visited the border this weekend. “These individuals are not just statistics; they are mothers, fathers, children, and families returning to a country that is already facing significant trials. It’s crucial that we treat them with the dignity they deserve and support them as they work to rebuild their lives.” 

A significant number of returnees are individuals who have spent extended periods—some for decades—in Iran or Pakistan. Their decision to return is influenced by the evolving legal landscape affecting them, challenging economic circumstances and heightened regional tensions impacting those countries.  

At the border, families endure sweltering temperatures often topping 40°C, armed with the few belongings they could manage to pack. They find shade under blankets, while signs of malnutrition are evident in children, and many mothers appear worn down and anxious. 

The Afghan Red Crescent Society (ARCS), is on-site providing vital assistance. They are offering medical care, clean drinking water, and food to those in need. Their mobile clinics are treating at least 500 patients daily, including pregnant women, children, and the elderly. While serious cases are referred to nearby hospitals, the demand for medical supplies is outpacing availability. 

“Many mothers we talk to are incredibly fatigued, with their primary focus on the well-being of their children”, shares an ARCS nurse. 

Women and girls face heightened vulnerabilities as they return to a country where their rights are significantly restricted. Access to healthcare, education, and safety remains tenuous. 

“As hundreds of thousands return with almost nothing—lacking homes, jobs, and support—it’s essential for governments, donors, and aid organizations to step up and provide greater assistance,” Matheou emphasizes.